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This gene encodes a chromatin-associated protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription, integration of retroviruses into chromosomes, and the metastatic progression of cancer cells. The encoded protein preferentially binds to the minor groove of AT-rich regions in double-stranded DNA. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Pseudogenes of this gene have been identified on multiple chromosomes. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016],disease:A chromosomal aberration involving HMGA1 is found in pulmonary chondroid hamartoma. Translocation t(6;14)(p21;q23-24) with RAD51L1.,function:HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions.,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl and 2 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl and 3 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl, 1 methyl and 2 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl, 1 methyl and 3 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl, 2 methyl and 2 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,mass spectrometry:With 1 acetyl, 2 methyl and 3 phosphate groups PubMed:15302935,PTM:Constitutively phosphorylated on two or three sites. Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Hyperphosphorylated at early stages of apoptosis, followed by dephosphorylation and methylation, which coincides with chromatin condensation. Isoform HMG-Y can be phosphorylated by HIPK2.,PTM:HMG-Y is not methylated.,PTM:Methylation at Arg-58 is mutually exclusive with methylation at Arg-60.,similarity:Belongs to the HMGA family.,similarity:Contains 3 A.T hook DNA-binding domains.,subunit:Interacts with HIPK2 (By similarity). Interacts with HIV-1 pre-integration complex.,

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