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Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is expressed primarily by activated T cells. The growth factor and anti apoptotic activities of IL-9 on multiple transformed cells suggest a potential role for the cytokine in tumourigenesis. IL-9 has also been proposed as a candidate gene for asthma. IL-9 is a Th2-derived cytokine that has been reported to regulate T and B cell function. IL-9 was first isolated as a factor capable of sustaining the long-term growth of murine T cell clones, but has since been demonstrated to have in vitro activities on mast cells, erythroid progenitors, and B cell Ig expression.