Basal Cell Adhesion Molecule (BCAM), also known as the Lutheran blood group glycoprotein, is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). Encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 19, BCAM consists of five extracellular immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domains, a single transmembrane segment, and a short intracellular tail. Extracellular domain enables binding to extracellular matrix proteins, such as laminin, integrin and other ligands while its intracellular domain interacts with cytoskeletal proteins like hemoglobin, facilitating cell signal transduction. This molecule plays pivotal roles in multiple physiological processes (e.g., cell-matrix interaction, tissue development) and pathological conditions (e.g., tumor metastasis, hematological disorders).