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CD109 is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked glycoprotein that localizes to the surface of platelets, activated T-cells, and endothelial cells. CD109 is expressed in many malignant tumors, including various squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas, and plays a role as a multifunctional coreceptor.CD109 reportedly associates with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptors and negatively regulates TGF-β signaling in keratinocytes. Additionally, CD109 is potentially related to signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signaling and aberrant cell proliferation.