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The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small (25 nm), non-enveloped virus of the parvoviridae family, including 12 different AAV serotypes. In the parvoviridae family it belongs to the genus dependoparvovirus, because it needs the presence of a helper virus for replication and assembly. The icosahedral AAV capsid composed of the capsid proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3 contains a linear, single-stranded DNA genome of 4.7 kb.