The RFPL3 protein is 371 amino acids long and may have been emerged due to intrachromosomal duplication.RFPL1, RFPL2 and RFPL3 (ret finger protein-like 1, 2 and 3, respectively), exist as a cluster of genes mapping to human chromosome 22q12.2-q13.3, sharing 95%-96% identity. RFPL1, 2 and 3, are thought to contribute to neocortex organization and size in primates, and show high expression in fetal neocortex as well as embryonic stem-cell neurogenesis. Each of the three RFPL genes encodes two exons giving rise to a putative RING-like motifs and B30-2 domains. RFPL1, also known as RNF78 or MGC132428, is a 317 amino acid protein known to have high expression in prostate with lower expression in adult brain, fetal liver and fetal kidney. RFPL2, or RNF79, is 378 amino acids long and is also highly expressed in prostate with lower expression in fetal kidney and fetal liver. As a result of alternative splicing, three isoforms of RFPL2 exist.